伊尹的传说

传承人：市级—2010年04月 第1批：宋明方、张运生、姬朝武

申报地区：嵩县、栾川县 2010年02月 第2批

春秋《左传·庄周》载：“有神降于莘”。《孙子兵法》曰：“伊尹名挚”。

战国《孟子·万章》说：“伊尹耕于有莘之野，而乐尧舜之道”。《韩非子·难言篇》：“上古有汤至圣也，伊尹至智也，夫至智说至圣，然且七十说而不受”。《吕氏春秋·本味篇》载：“其母居伊水之上，孕。”《中次二经》说：“记栾川山者，从东往西、有鲜山、鲜水、阳山、阳水……蔓渠之山，伊水出焉。”

当代亦多有学者多方考证，证实伊尹于斯地而生且躬耕于此。如河南大学陈昌远教授、郑州大学历史系孙重恩副教授等等都曾撰文论证过伊尹生于栾川的史实。

而当代栾川人更是多有传著为伊尹生地考证。如《栾川县志稿》主编常书泽、《中国民间故事全书·河南栾川卷》主编宋明方、栾川县著名作家李玉瑞、尤安亚、崔景华等众多栾川文艺工作者也都怀着深切的感情和崇敬的态度四方查考，艰苦论证，为我中华“元圣”伊尹的真实出生地提供了大量的、宝贵的论证材料。

《吕氏春秋》载：“伊母于伊水之上孕”；唐·崔融《启母石》碑文有“鸾川之上母变空桑”之句；《孟子》颂其“耕于有莘之野，而乐尧舜之道。”伊尹既被有莘氏收养，及长，躬耕于有莘之野。

伊水即今天的伊河，其源头为栾川县陶湾西沟闷顿岭。1962年河南省文物工作队在栾川普查文物，在伊尹耕莘古地——伊尹城遗址，于其土层中发现夹沙红陶、磨光黑陶、残石刀、石斧、石箭头等，陶器纹饰以条纹和方格纹为主。据考出土文物为仰韶文化及龙山文化。1987年漫子头（耕莘古地）经河南省政府批准为省级文物保护单位。从丰富的史籍、碑刻和出土文物中验证了伊尹“耕于有莘之野”的史实。

今天的栾川，在伊尹耕莘古地的遗址上，不仅保留有清代《耕莘古地》的碑刻，更有今人为纪念“元圣”所修的伊尹公园。伊尹的出身、生平及其功业和德行均在栾川广为流传。成为栾川人文底蕴及栾川人的精神象征。

Yi Yin was a minister of the early Shang dynasty, and one of the honored officials of the era.He helped King Tang of Shang, the founder of the Shang dynasty, to defeat King Jie of Xia. Oracle inscriptions of Yi have been found, evidence that his social status was high. Many contemporary scholars have conducted many researches, confirming that Yi Yin was born and cultivated in Luoyang, including Professor Chen Changyuan of Henan University and Associate Professor Sun Chongen of Zhengzhou University, who have all written articles to demonstrate the historical facts that Yi Yin was born in Luanchuan, Luoyang. Today in Luanchuan, on the site of the ancient land where Yi once ploughed, not only the inscriptions of "Gengxin Gudi"(the ancient land) in the Qing Dynasty are preserved, but also the Yiyin Park was built to commemorate"Yuansheng"(The Sage). Yi Yin's birth, life, achievements and virtues are widely circulated in Luanchuan and have become the spiritual symbol of the Luanchuan people and their cultural heritage.