打獐子歌

申报地区：栾川县 2020年08月 第5批

打獐子歌，是栾川山区猎人们狩猎獐子时用于传递围猎信号、部署围猎任务等围猎生产活动时广泛传唱的一种具有劳动歌遥性质的民间音乐组曲。打獐子歌产生于明末清初，经过300多年的传唱、加工，上世纪70年代已经形成比较完整、固定的曲调和唱词，大部分猎人都能在围猎过程中按照担任的角色分工哼唱。

  打獐子歌音乐组曲共有9个互相关联的曲子组成，根据围猎獐子时的程序，依次为《搭伙铺歌》、《祭山神爷歌》、《布仗歌》、《开仗歌》、《攆仗歌》、《围（稳）杖歌》、《调铳歌》、《响铳歌》、《收坡歌》，完整地表现了围狩獐子的全部过程。打獐子歌曲调简单、易记，唱词中夹杂暗语，是一种既粗犷又神秘，兼具音乐性和实用性的劳动歌谣，曾风靡豫西山区一带，具有较强的原生态性和浓郁的地方特色，反映了豫西地区人们围猎时的劳动场景。从上世纪80年代起，随着对枪支管控力度增大，打獐子活动骤减，打獐子歌这组反映豫西地区古时先民在打猎活动中产生的民间音乐亟待抢救保护。

The Chinese River Deer-Hunting Suite is a kind of folk music suite widely sung by hunters in Luanchuan mountain area when they hunt the Chinese river deer. The hunters sang it to transmit hunting signals or deploy hunting tasks. The Chinese River Deer-Hunting Suite originated in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty. After more than 300 years of singing and processing, it has formed a relatively complete and fixed tune and lyrics in the 1970s. Most hunters can hum in the process of hunting by roles. The Chinese River Deer-Hunting Suite is composed of 9 interrelated tunes. According to the procedures in hunting the Chinese river deer, the tunes fully present the whole process of encircling the Chinese river deer.The tunes of The Chinese River Deer-Hunting Suite are simple and easy to remember. The Chinese River Deer-Hunting Suite is a kind of labor ballad, which is not only rough and mysterious, but also musical and practical. It was once popular in the mountainous area of Western Henan. It has strong original ecology and local characteristics, reflecting the labor scene of hunting in western Henan. Since 1980s, as the gun control efforts increased, the activities of hunting the Chinese river deer have decreased dramatically. The Chinese River Deer-Hunting Suite, a kind of folk music, which was made by ancient ancestors in hunting activities in western Henan needs to be rescued and protected.