靠山黄（靠山吼）——伊川县

申报地区：伊川县 2020年08月 第4批扩展项目

相关项目：靠山黄（栾川2007.12入选市级第1批；嵩县，2011.12入选市级第3批）

靠山吼也称靠山黄、河南高调。因早期豫剧在豫西山区演出多依山平土为台，故被称作“靠山吼”。因早期演员用本嗓演唱，起腔与收腔时用假声翻高尾音带“讴”，又叫“河南讴”，豫西梆子。这种戏靠山搭台演唱，因而得名。因它唱腔中夹杂有（皮）黄戏，也有叫靠山黄；豫西一带在野外演出，戏台靠山而搭，净角喊声如雷，声震山谷，如狮吼之声，故曰“靠山吼”，主要是演唱时用真嗓（大本腔）尾音下行，声音圆润，吐字清晰，悲凉缠绵（称下五音）。靠山吼产生于明末清初，初时以清唱为主，深受老百姓的喜爱，因而发展非常迅速。靠山吼起源已经很难考证，说法不一。有说明末秦腔与蒲州梆子传入河南后，与当地民歌、小调相结合而成，有说由北曲弦索调直接发展而成。还有说是在河南民间演唱艺术，特别是自明朝中后期，在中原地区盛行的时尚小令基础上，吸收“弦索”等艺术成果发展而成。

靠山吼其独树一帜的表演体系和艺术魅力以及丰富的演出剧目，使她在中华民族文化艺术史上以及在世界艺术宝库里，占有独特的地位。

Roaring at the Foot of A Mountain is also known as Kao Shanhuang Opera and Henan Lofty Tone. Because in the early period, Henan Opera was performed in the mountainous area of the Western Henan, and the platform of this kind of opera was usually set up at the foot of the mountain, it was called Roaring at the Foot of A Mountain. In the early stage, the performers uaually sang with the modal voice, while singing at the begining and at the end of the opera, they used falsetto to sing high pitch with ballad, which is also called Henan Ballad or Bangzi in the Western Henan. This opera got its name for the place of its satge, setting up at the foot of a mountain. Roaring at the Foot of A Mountain originated in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. In the early days, people sang the opera arias without makeup and acting. It was so popular among the folk that it developed rapidly. Because of its unique performance system, artistic charm and abundant repertory, Roaring at the Foot of A Mountain occupies a unique position in the history of Chinese culture and art as well as in the art treasures of the world.