瓷窑烧制技艺

传承人：市级—2010年04月 第1批：介长来

2016年10月 第3批：游晓蔓

申报地区：新安县 2010年02月 第2批

新安县陶瓷烧制技艺已有五千多年的历史，主要分布于新安县境内黄河南岸西沃村、畛河川石寺村、北冶镇滩子沟村、柴胡沟村、马行沟村、岭后村、甘泉村、涧河川城关村。陶器烧制由夏、商、周三代开始，经秦、汉、魏、晋后至晚唐进入制瓷时代发展至今。古瓷窑址有一百余处，最大的窑场城关窑面积有二十七万平方米。其中北冶村橄榄型窑炉国内尚属首例。新安制瓷坯料主要以黏土、长石、石英为主，将原材料晒干风化后加水浸泡，陈腐、踩踏、揉炼，拉坯成型、阴干、施釉、焙烧。器型以碗、盘、缸、盏、洗、托、罐、钵、盆、炉、枕等生活用品为主，梅瓶、玉壶春、出戟尊等经典器型为辅；瓷种有钧、汝、耀州窑瓷、磁州窑瓷、登封珍珠地瓷、青花、唐三彩等，1950年至1980年，新安瓷厂、西沃瓷厂、北冶瓷厂成为制瓷传授技艺主体，目前陶瓷公司、作坊、陶瓷研究所有十余个，其中，市级传承人游晓蔓、介长来。

新安县上千年来陶瓷品种多而精，具有独特的地域化属性，为当代陶瓷的研究、发展和创新起到不可估量的作用，在人员就业、扶贫攻坚、文化旅游生活用品、建筑装饰方面、社会经济发展层面将发挥重要的作用。

The firing technique of ceramics in Xin' an county, with a history of more than 5,000 years, is mainly distributed on the south bank of the Yellow River in Xin' an County. The firing of ceramics began in the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and entered the porcelain era through the Qin, Han, Wei, and Jin Dynasties to the late Tang Dynasty. There are more than 100 ancient porcelain kiln sites, and the largest kiln has an area of 270,000 square meters. Among them, the olive-type kiln furnace in Beiye Village is the first one in China. The billet of Xin'an porcelain is mainly composed of clay, feldspar and quartz.The products are mainly used for daily use. At present, there are more than 10 ceramic companies, workshops and ceramic research institutes. You Xiaoman and Jie Changlai are the municipal inheritors of the technique. For thousands of years, Xin' an County has a variety of fine ceramics with unique regional attributes, which play an immeasurable role in the research, development and innovation of contemporary ceramics. And Xin' an ceramics will play an important role in personnel employment, poverty alleviation, cultural tourism articles of daily use, architectural decoration, and social and economic development.