唐三彩烧制技艺

保护单位：洛阳九朝文物复制品有限公司 2008年第2批

传承人：国家级--2009年05月 第3批：高水旺

        省  级--2012年12月 第3批：高顺旺

        市  级--2016年10月 第3批：高贺、高龙山

    唐三彩是中国唐代优秀的文化遗产之一，距今已有1300多年的历史。所谓三彩就是白色素胎上涂以黄、赭、绿、兰和紫色等釉色，其中多以黄、绿、白为主，组合使用故称三彩，又表示多彩多色之意。因大批珍品文物在洛阳出土，故又称“洛阳唐三彩”。

    唐三彩代表了唐代陶瓷艺术的最高成就，这些艺术珍品从多方面反映了当时社会各阶级，各阶层人物的现时生活，是我们研究唐代历史和中国陶瓷史的重要资料。也是了解古代文化，振兴民族文化的教材。

    唐三彩的大批发掘是在公元1899年，当时陇海铁路修到洛阳，在开挖路基时发现了很多古墓及彩色陶器，经专家鉴定为唐代时所制，并根据其特点，定名为唐三彩。此物运至北京后，引起王国维、罗振玉的重视和好评，一时间洛阳唐三彩蜚声海外并引起轰动些古董商争相购买，人们开始认识它的价值，民间仿制亦开始出现。据《孟津县志》记载：“在1920年前后，用小窑烧制唐三彩仅流传于高姓家族之间”。这种技艺作为家族秘技单传后人，且多为传男不传女，因而极易失传。解放后，党和政府高度重视传统文化的继承和发扬，组织民间艺人进行仿制，孟津南石山民间艺人高松茂携其子女，应邀来到当时刚成立的洛阳工艺美术社，将仿制唐三彩的技艺毫无保留地贡献了出来。从此，唐三彩的传承发展进入了新的发展时期。1978年，洛阳市成立了美术陶瓷厂，洛阳唐三彩的生产得到了空前的发展。经过专业技术人员和民间艺人的悉心研制，洛阳的唐三彩，已由原来的简单仿制“马、骆驼”，发展到今天的人物、动物、器皿、鸟兽、版画、杂项等六大类，数千个品种，产品远销世界各地。

    唐三彩烧制技艺项目多次代表我省参加国家级非遗博览会。

Tang Tri-colored Glazed Pottery is one of the outstanding cultural heritages of the Tang Dynasty (618-907)in China, having a history of more than 3000 years. The so-calledTri-color"(three colors)refers to the decoration of yellow, green, and white glaze on the body to express the meaning of colorfulness. Because a large number of treasures of cultural relics unearthed in Luoyang, it is also known as "Luoyang Tang Tri-colored Glazed Pottery". Tang Tri-colored Glazed Pottery represents the highest achievement of ceramic art in the Tang Dynasty. These art treasures, reflecting the current lives of various social classes and people at that time, are important materials for our research on the history of the Tang Dynasty and Chinese ceramics and teaching materials for understanding ancient culture and revitalizing national culture. When the Longhai Railway was built to Luoyang, a large number of excavations of Tri-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty were carried out in 1899. A lot of ancient tombs and colorful pottery were discovered during the excavation of the roadbed, which was identified as being made in the Tang Dynasty and named as Tang Tri-colored Glazed Pottery according to their characteristics by experts. Through the development of professional technicians and folk artists, Luoyang Tang Tri-colored Glazed Potteries have been developed from the original simple imitation of horse and camel to the present thousands of varieties including human figures, animals, utensils, etc, which are sold all over the world. The Project of Firing Technique of Tang Tri-colored Glazed Pottery have participated in national Intangible Cultural Heritage Exposition on behalf of our province many times.