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传统美术

面塑

作者:洛阳市行政区划与地名研究会 日期:2021-04-01 人气:3351

申报地区:涧西区 200906 2

传承人:省级-201006 2批:李金诚

   201709 4批:李菊芳

市级-201610 3批:李世宣

古代劳动人民在重大节日、喜庆或丧事中,为避灾祸、求平安,以相形面物代替活物,敬拜天地、祈求神灵、祭祀列祖,使用后还可食用。唐代就有生面塑、熟面刷色和熟面染色塑。到明代已经发展到独立的艺术欣赏品,清代由简单的动物、瓜果面塑向人物面塑发展,山东曹州面塑以仕女、文官、武将以及名著人物最为闻名。

从上个世纪初的王、郭、贺、杨姓面塑艺人开始,对面塑原料的制作进行了改进,后传至姓李的学生,所制面塑原料采用小麦精面和江米精粉,掺入各种颜色,和成各色面团,蒸熟后即可使用。面塑基础色分为五至七色,可调出200多种色彩。

李菊芳为“面人李”面塑世家的传承人,1980年李菊芳随父来到洛阳,在父亲李金诚的传授下,面塑技艺长进很快,无论到全国各地何处参加表演、比赛、展销,都引起轰动。她擅长古装人物,对山水秀色,楼台亭阁面塑更有独到功夫,已有青出于蓝而胜于蓝趋势,她的作品《红楼梦人物》《三国人物志》《水浒人物传》等已多次入选洛阳市民间艺术展,洛阳市文化产业精品展,河南省民间艺术展览会,法国69届世界博览会,产品销往世界各地,作品轰动国内外。她随父所到之处,当地媒体和海外媒体均做报道,称其为“面塑世家、后继有人”。1989年随父去深圳“绵绣中华”作面塑表演和展销,两年后又回到洛阳继续她的面塑职业。2001年,洛阳市民间艺术家协会吸收其为会员;2002年河南省民间艺术家协会,吸收为会员。

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In the major festivals, celebrations or funerals, for the purpose of avoiding disaster and praying for the peace, ancient working people used dough figurines to replace living creatures to respect heaven and earth, pray to gods, and sacrifice to their ancestors, and then eat these dough figurines. In the Tang Dynasty, there were raw dough figurines, cooked surface brushing and cooked surface dyeing dough figurines. By the Ming Dynasty, the dough figurines had developed into an independent product for artistic appreciation, Li Jufang is the inheritor of " Mian Ren Li " family(the Li family who inherit the intangible cultural heritage for making figurines with dough).She is good at dough figurines of ancient figures, and especially the landscapes, and pavilions. Her works, such as The Character in A Dream of Red Mansions, the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms and the Outlaws of the Marsh, have been selected into Luoyang Folk Art Exhibition, Luoyang Cultural Industry Boutique Exhibition, Henan Folk Art Exhibition, The 69th French World Expo , Shenzhen"Splendid China" Garden Performance, etc, many times.


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