竹编（洛宁竹编）

传承人：省级-2017年09月 第4批：张永杰

申报地区：洛宁县 2015年09月 第4批

洛宁县原名永宁，属河南西部山区，《后汉书》记载“永宁金门山竹厚薄匀，断其两节，问间而吹之，可应凤凰之鸣”，唐代皇宫纱灯，多以洛宁竹子制作。清顺治年间，洛宁每年都要向朝廷进献贡竹400竿，供太医烧竹取竹沥之用，名载史册的二十四孝之一孟仲哭竹之地也在今洛宁县的长水乡，解放后国家林业部经营司杨庭梓在《发展北大竹林大有可为—河南洛宁、博爱二县竹园调查》一文中记述：洛宁淡竹盆栽历史悠久，是厚原生竹种无疑。

深厚的文化底蕴和厚重的原生态古竹林使洛宁自古以来就有“洛竹之乡”的美誉。

洛宁竹编，通过劳动人民长期的不断完善和发展，形成了一套独特的编织程序：

一、备料：洛宁竹须在冬季时采伐所用的竹子，伐下的竹竿不易霉变、虫腐。

二、烤竹：用碳或竹竿头对所伐之竹进行烤烧定性经此加工的竹子具备几个特点：

1、将用材料捋直，易于捆扎，存放，加工。

2、烧烤过程中，竹表皮会渗出竹油，用锯末擦捋，使表皮变得光泽亮艳，质感丰富，韧度增强，便于盤制。

三、蒸竹煮竹，凉竹。将所用之竹劈成篾放在锅里，蒸或煮之后，再进行晾干，其过程主要增强竹篾的柔韧度，使精细的竹篾不易折断，易于编制，能使制品更加细腻、均匀、耐用。

四、盤编制品：盤竹时运用手锯、尖刀、主刀、挖铲、圆刨、木钻等工具依据制品的形状，尺寸进行裁截，刮节，去皮，锯切，草加。通过炉火对契节处熏烤加温，握制定型，再经过扣架，串编等数道工序成为一个制品；编竹时首先对所用竹篾通过拔篾，蒸篾，染篾，凉篾的工序加工之后，再通过串编、雕刻、印花、饰物点缀，上色打亮等数道工序后竹篾成为制品。

Luoning County, formerly known as Yongning, is a mountainous area in western Henan Province and is the birthplace of Heluo culture. Gauze lanterns of palace in the Tang Dynasty are mostly made of bamboo from here. The profound cultural background and the thick original ecological bamboo forests have given Luoning County a reputation of"Hometown of Luo Bamboo" since ancient times Through continuous improvement of the working people, Luoning bamboo weaving has formed a unique procedure. First, Material Preparation. Bamboos are cut in the winter, to avoid mildew and worm rot. Second, Bamboo Baking. Bamboos are baked with charcoal fire for the following benefits. 1. The bamboos will be straightened for easy bundle, storage and process. 2. During the baking process, bamboo oil will seep out, when rubbed with sawdust, will make the bamboos bright, rich in texture, enhanced in toughness, and easy for process . Third, Bamboo Steaming, Boiling and Cooling. The bamboos are split into thin strips, placed in a pot to steam or boil, and then dried in the air. The process mainly enhances the flexibility of the thin bamboo strips and can make products more delicate, uniform and durable. Fourth, Bamboo Waving Hand saw, sharp knife, main knife, digging shovel, round planer, wood drill and other tools are used for cutting, scraping, peeling, sawing and adding grass according to the shape and size of the products. The joint of the bamboo is heated by the fire, and then the bamboo is shaped into a product through several processes such as buckling, stringing and other procedures. In bamboo weaving, the and cooling, and then made into final products through several procedures such as string weaving, carving, printing, ornament decoration, coloring, and brightening.